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Madurai INFO
COUNTRY : India
STATE : Tamilnadu
DISTRICT : Madurai District
Population : 1000000 - 2007
Density : 8,522 /km2 (22,072 /sq mi)
Time zone : IST (UTC+5:30)


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History
madurai map
Madurai has a very long and well recorded history. As early as the 3rd century BC, Megasthenes visited Madurai. The city is referred to as "Methora" in his accounts. The city is also mentioned in Kautilya's Arthashastra. Madurai has been described as the seat of the Pandyan Dynasty in Sangam literature (especially in Maturaikkāñci). The city is also described extensively in the Second century CE epic Silapathikaram. The city was home to the third and last Tamil Sangam (between 300 BCE and 200 CE). Madurai finds mention in the works of Roman historians Pliny the Younger and Ptolemy and those of the Greek geographer Strabo. It is also mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea.

After the Sangam age, most of present day Tamil Nadu (and along with it Madurai) came under Kalabhra rule. Kalabhras remained in control of Madurai till the middle of 6th Century CE. Around 550 CE, Pandyas regained control of Madurai and ruled it for the next four centuries. Madurai was conquered by the Cholas during early 9th Century and remained under their control till the early 13th Century, when the second Pandyan empire was established with Madurai as its capital. After the death of the last Pandyan ruler Kulasekara Pandian, Madurai came under the rule of the Delhi Sultanate. The Madurai Sultanate, then seceded from Delhi and functioned as an independent kingdom till its destruction by the Vijayanagar Empire in 1378. Madurai became independent from Vijayanagar in 1559 under the Nayaks. Nayak rule ended in 1736 and Madurai changed hands several times between Chanda Sahib, Arcot Nawab and Muhammed Yusuf Khan (Marudhanayagam) in the middle of the 18th Century. From 1764 to 1801 the city remained under the control of the Nawab of Arcot
 
GEOGRAPHY & CLIMATE
Madurai city has an area of 52 km2, within an urban area now extending over as much as 130 km2 [17] and it is located at 9°56′N 78°07′E / 9.93°N 78.12°E / 9.93; 78.12[17][18] It has an average elevation of 101 meters above mean sea level. The climate is dry and hot, with Northeast monsoon rains during October–December. Temperatures during summer reach a maximum of 40 and a minimum of 26.3 °C, though temperatures over 43 °C are not uncommon.

Winter temperatures range between 29.6 and 18 °C. The average annual rainfall is about 85 cm.
   
CITY ADMINSTRATION
District Collector : Mr.Kamarajar
Mayor : Mrs.ThenmoHzi
Deputy Mayor : Mr.Manan
Corporation Commissioner : Mr.yyyyyyyy
Commissioner of Police : Mr.yyyyyyyy
Postmaster General : Mr.yyyyyyyy